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Reference Tables

Standard SANS 10400-XA reference data and compliance values.

Table 1: Energy Consumption Table

Maximum annual energy consumption per building classification for each energy zone (kWh/m²)
Class of Occupancy Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 5H Zone 6 Zone 7
A1: Entertainment and Public Assembly 75 75 95 70 95 95 80 80
A2: Theatrical and Indoor Sport 95 95 110 90 110 110 105 105
A3: Places of Instruction (Non-primary/secondary) 110 155 110 125 140 140 120 120
A3: Places of Instruction (Primary/secondary) 60 65 55 60 55 60 65 65
A4: Worship 70 45 45 40 50 40 70 70
E2: Hospital 325 335 225 295 295 230 345 345
E3: Other Institutional (Residential) 120 95 90 90 100 80 130 130
F1: Large Shop 125 200 155 180 185 150 125 125
F2: Small Shop 75 150 100 125 130 95 80 80
F3: Wholesaler's Store 125 200 155 180 185 150 125 125
G1: Offices (Multi-storey) 90 105 110 95 110 95 100 100
G1: Offices (Stand-alone) 70 150 190 145 180 165 75 75
H1: Hotel 125 130 100 115 125 95 140 140
H2: Dormitory 155 170 160 175 160 160 160 180
H3: Domestic Residence 90 100 50 80 85 60 110 110
H4: Dwelling House 95 100 50 80 85 60 110 110
H5: Hospitality 120 130 110 120 115 135 135 135
Table 2: Maximum Annual Demand Intensity

Maximum Annual Demand Intensity per Building Classification for Each Energy Zone (VA/m²)
Class of Occupancy Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 5H Zone 6 Zone 7
A1 Entertainment and public assembly 30 30 38 28 38 38 32 32
A2 Theatrical and indoor sport 38 38 44 36 44 44 42 42
A3 Places of instruction 44 62 44 50 56 56 48 48
A3 (school children) 24 26 22 24 22 24 24 24
A4 Worship 28 18 18 16 20 16 28 28
E2 Hospital 130 134 90 118 118 92 138 138
E3 Other institutional (residential) 48 38 36 36 40 32 52 52
F1 Large shop 50 80 62 72 74 60 50 50
F2 Small shop 30 60 40 50 52 38 32 32
F3 Wholesaler's store 50 80 62 72 74 60 50 50
G1 Offices (multi-storey buildings) 36 42 44 38 44 38 40 40
G1 Offices (campus/stand-alone blocks) 28 60 76 58 72 66 30 30
H1 Hotel 80 60 46 54 54 44 80 80
H2 Dormitory 80 74 94 78 90 90 80 80
H3 Domestic residence 58 66 40 56 56 46 60 60
H4 Dwelling house 58 66 40 56 56 46 60 60
H5 Hospitality 58 58 62 56 60 60 60 60
Table 3: Multiplier for Shading Projection

For facades with West, North-West, North, North-East, and East sector orientation
Latitude (° South) Multiplier
≤ 22° 0.33
≤ 24° 0.36
≤ 26° 0.40
≤ 28° 0.42
≤ 30° 0.46
≤ 32° 0.50
> 32° 0.54
Table 4: Vertical Fenestration

Area weighted average maximum whole fenestration element performance values
Total fenestration area per storey /
nett floor area per storey (%) 		U-Value (W/m²·K) Maximum solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC)
West, North-West, North,
North-East and East 		South-West, South,
and South-East ("All")
≤ 20% Any solution Any solution Any solution
≤ 25% 5.20 0.66 0.49 Any solution
≤ 30% 4.40 0.53 0.44 Any solution
≤ 35% 3.80 0.49 0.40 Any solution
≤ 40% 3.30 0.44 0.35 Any solution
≤ 45% 3.00 0.40 0.33 Any solution
≤ 50% 2.60 0.35 0.30 Any solution
≤ 55% 2.40 0.33 0.28 Any solution
≤ 60% 2.20 0.30 0.25 Any solution
> 60% 2.00 0.28 0.22 Any solution
Note: The middle columns under SHGC represent shading vs no shading scenarios where applicable, or generally apply to the North/East/West sectors.
Table 5: Roof Lights

Thermal Performance of Fenestration
Ratio of Fenestration/Space Served U-Value (W/m²·K) SHGC
<1.5% Any Any
1.5% to ≤ 3% ≤ 5.8 ≤ 0.75
>3% to ≤ 5% ≤ 5.8 ≤ 0.50
>5% to ≤ 10% ≤ 2.7 ≤ 0.25
>10% ≤ 2.0 ≤ 0.25
Table 6: Walls ≥ 270 kg/m²

Minimum R-value Requirements for Walls with a Surface Density ≥ 270 kg/m²
Surface Density Energy Zones R-value (m²·K/W) Minimum Requirement
> 270 kg/m² 1 0.6 50 mm cavity wall
> 270 kg/m² 2 0.6 50 mm cavity wall
> 270 kg/m² 3 0.4 Collar jointed wall
> 270 kg/m² 4 0.6 50 mm cavity wall
> 270 kg/m² 5 0.4 Collar jointed wall
> 270 kg/m² 5H 0.4 Collar jointed wall
> 270 kg/m² 6 0.6 50 mm cavity wall
> 270 kg/m² 7 0.6 50 mm cavity wall
Note: Walls built with FBX, FBS, and FBA clay bricks and high-density concrete face bricks and blocks do not need to be plastered. All other walls need to be plastered internally and externally.
Table 7: Walls < 270 kg/m²

Minimum R-value or CR-value Requirements for Walls with a Surface Density less than 270 kg/m²
Energy Zones R-value (m²·K/W) CR-value (h)
1 2.2 100
2 2.2 100
3 1.9 80
4 1.9 80
5 1.9 80
5H 1.9 80
6 2.2 100
7 2.2 100
Table 8: Roofs and Insulation

Minimum total R-values of roofs assemblies and levels of thermal insulation
Energy zones
Description 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 3 5 5H
Direction of heat flow Up Up and Down Up and Down Down
Minimum total R-value (m²·K/W) of roof and ceiling materials
(Roof covering includes outside air film, non-reflective unventilated air space and plasterboard only) 		0.30 to 0.35 0.36 to 0.48
Estimated minimum added R-Value of insulation (m²·K/W) 3.35 3.35 3.35 2.35
Product Density (kg/m³) K-value (W/m.K) Recommended levels (thickness in mm) of thermal insulation
1, 2, 4, 6, 7 3 5 5H
Cellulose fibre bonded 30.00 0.038 130 130 130 90
Cellulose fibre loose-fill 27.50 0.040 135 135 135 100
Glass wool blanket 10 to 18 0.040 135 135 135 100
Polyester fibre blanket 11.50 0.046 160 160 160 110
Polyester fibre blend board 24.00 0.038 130 130 130 90
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) SD 15.00 0.035a 120 120 120 85
Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) 32.00 0.028a 100 100 100 65
Fibre glass board 47.50 0.033 115 115 115 80
Mineral/Rockwool 40.00 to 140.00 0.033 115 115 115 80
Polyester fibre blend board 61.00 0.034 115 115 115 80
Polyurethane/polyisocyanurate 32.00 0.025a 85 85 85 60
  • NOTE 1 Zone 5H high humidity to be considered.
  • NOTE 2 Thermal conductivity values used are generic.
  • NOTE 3 Manufacturers will round up thicknesses to nearest production standard.
  • a: Thermal efficiency is dependent on material thickness, blowing agent, density, age, operating temperature, and moisture.
Table 9: Reflective Foil Laminates

R-values considered to be achieved by reflective foil laminates
Emissivity of added
reflective insulation 		Direction of heat flow Pitched roof (≥ 10°) with horizontal ceiling Flat skillion or pitched roof (≤ 10°)
with horizontal ceiling 		Pitched roof with cathedral ceilings
Natural ventilated Non-ventilated 22° 30° 45°
0.2 outer / 0.05 inner Downwards 1.21 1.12 1.28 0.96 0.86 0.66
0.2 outer / 0.05 inner Upwards 0.59 0.75 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.77
0.9 outer / 0.05 inner Downwards 1.01 0.92 1.06 0.74 0.64 0.44
0.9 outer / 0.05 inner Upwards 0.40 0.55 0.49 0.51 0.52 0.53
  • NOTE 1: Reflective insulation values include a minimum 15 mm air gap on either side. Reflective insulation should work in conjunction with an air gap to be effective.
  • NOTE 2: The reflective surface with the lowest emissivity should preferably be facing downwards.
  • NOTE 3: 0.2 outer value is used where the roof is sealed and no dust can accumulate. 0.9 outer value is used where dust can impair performance.
  • NOTE 4: The R-value of reflective insulation is affected by the airspace between a reflective side of the reflective insulation and the building lining or cladding.
Table 10: Hot Water Storage

Minimum storage requirement for hot water cylinders used with domestic solar water heaters and domestic heat pumps (stored at 60°C). For solar water heaters, storage shall be 50% larger.

Occupancy description Class Avg Annual Usage
(at 60°C)		 24h Storage Req
(at 60°C)
Entertainment and public assembly
Sedentary A1 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Active A1 40 L/p/d 25 L/p
Theatrical and Indoor Sport
Cultural activities A2 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Sporting activities A2 40 L/p/d 25 L/p
Places of instruction
Schools, colleges A3 40 L/p/d 6 L/p
Places of detention
Awaiting trial E1 140 L/p/d 62.5 L/p
Convicted E1 52 L/p/d 35 L/p
Hospitals (including clinics)
General hospitals E2 130 L/p/d 30 L/p
Clinic with beds E2 130 L/p/d 30 L/p
Day hospital E2 130 L/p/d 18 L/p
Day clinic E2 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Commercial & Residential
Other institutional (residential) E3 120 L/p/d 75 L/p
Large shop F1 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Small shop F2 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Offices (No canteen) G1 10 L/p/d 6 L/p
Offices (With canteen) G1 28 L/p/d 20 L/p
Hotels H1 140 L/p/d 62.5 L/p
Dormitory H2 100 L/p/d 50 L/p
Residential (Cat 1) H3 64 L/p/d 45 L/p
Residential (All other) H3 115 L/p/d 50 L/p
Table 11: Pipe Insulation

Minimum R-value of pipe insulation
Internal diameter of pipe (mm) Minimum R-value (m²·K/W)
≤ 80 1.00
> 80 1.50
NOTE: R-values in this table are based on the formula for flat surfaces, i.e. R-value = m / k-value, where (m) denotes thickness.
Table 12: Lighting Power Density

Maximum lighting power density for the class of occupancy
Occupancy Description Lighting power density (W/m²)
A1 Entertainment and public assembly 2
A2 Theatrical and indoor sport 8
A3 Places of instruction 10
A4 Worship 4
C1 Exhibition halls 10
C2 Museums 4
E1 Places of detention 4
E2 Hospital 8
E3 Other institutional residences 8
E4 Health care 8
F1 Large shops 20
F2 Small shops 8
F3 Wholesale store 8
G1 Offices 8
H1 Hotels 4
H2 Dormitory 4
H3 Domestic residences 4
H4 Dwelling houses 4
H5 Hospitality 4
Table 13: COP of Equipment

Minimum coefficient of performance, cooling mode (COPc), heating mode (COPH) of unitary and packaged air-conditioning equipment

Equipment type Capacity range (kW) Minimum COPc Minimum COPH
Through-the-wall consolesa < 7 2.8 1.0
Unitary splitsb < 7 3.0 3.2
7 ≤ 19 2.9 3.0
19 ≤ 40 2.9 3.0
40 ≤ 70 2.8 2.9
> 70 2.7 2.8
Air-cooled packaged and split unitsc < 19 2.9 3.0
19 ≤ 40 2.9 3.0
40 ≤ 70 2.8 2.9
> 70 2.7 2.8
Water-cooled packaged unitsd < 19 3.3 3.5
19 ≤ 40 3.3 3.5
40 ≤ 70 3.2 3.3
70 ≤ 223 3.2 3.3
Air-cooled water chillersd All 2.8 —
Air-cooled heat pump chillersd All 2.8 3.0
Water-cooled, positive displacementd < 264 4.3 —
264 ≤ 528 4.4 —
528 ≤ 1055 4.9 —
> 1055 5.4 —
Water-cooled, centrifugald < 528 5.3 —
528 ≤ 1055 5.3 —
> 1055 5.4 —
  • a) If resistance heating is used, heating power consumption shall not exceed cooling power consumption except in the case of equipment of <10 kW.
  • b) COPc and COPH shall be determined at the temperatures stipulated in SANS 54511‑2 and in accordance with SANS 5151.
  • c) COPc and COPH shall be determined at the temperatures stipulated in SANS 54511‑2 and in accordance with SANS 13253.
  • d) COPc and COPH shall be determined at the temperatures stipulated in SANS 54511‑2 and in accordance with SANS 54511‑3.